test -77.69 43.13 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.69,43.13,20 Jewish Temple Burial Plots Mt. Hope cemetery is significant because buying a burial plot was incredicly important to a budding Jewish congregation in Rochester. The way many splinter Jewish religious groups started was by buying plots of land here. This correlated with religious differences, and yet, the purchased plots of land were usually neighborhing other Jewish congregations' plots. This showed that as a community split they were all still Jewish and deeply connected. Yet the cemetery continued to be significant, and it was a deep identifier of the different Jewish communities present. The more groups that split, the more different plots of lands were created. Truly this crossroads in the cemetery shows the extent to which the Jewish community in Rochester divided itself.

Research and abstract by Benjamin McGowan ('20)

Selected Bibliography:
Brickner, Isaac M., and Isaac Abram Wile. The Jews of Rochester: An Historical Summary of Their Progress and Status as Citizens of Rochester from Early Days to the Year Nineteen Hundred and Twelve. Rochester, NY: Historical Review Society, 1912. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Phillips, Sam. "The Jewish Population in Rochester, New York: A Study in Racial Concentration 1938." master's thesis. Western Reserve University, 1939. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Rosenberg, Stuart E. The Jewish Community in Rochester 1843-1925. New York City, NY: Columbia University Press, 1954. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.62198975 43.12674737 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.62198975,43.12674737,20 Industrial School of Rochester (original location) The Industrial School of Rochester's first location served as a significnat place for "vagrant and destitute" children. Modeled after a similar undisclosed institution located in Brooklyn, New York, the school was akin to a settlement house that instilled religious, moral, and educational values that uplifted the students from poverty, eventually making them useful members of the American society. The first location, which was comprised of rooms from the old Rochester House on Exchange Street, was donated to the School free of charge; it consisted of volunteers that taught children elementary-level education and housework. The location expanded after a Rochestarian sold their home to the school and the establishment extended their services to a broader youth audience. The transition highlighted key point in how immigrant youth were perceived by the host society and emphasized values that were adopted in the youths' lifestyles. Both features would explain the atmosphere of immigrant youth in industrial cities.

Abstract and research prepared by Bilal Choudhry ('22)

Selected Bibliography:
Rochester Children's Nursey. D.103. Rare Book, Special Collections, and Preservation, University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Albert R. Stone Negative Collection. Rochester Museum and Science Center. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.62072563 43.13901134 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.62072563,43.13901134,20 Gleason Corporation This location of the Gleason Corporation, 1000 University Avenue, illustrates the success of one Irish immigrant and his family in Rochester, NY. In 1865, William Gleason founded the corporation in a small machine shop along the Genesee River. Gleason purchased this present plot in 1904 on which he then built the factory in 1905. William and his wife, Ellen McDermott, were both immigrants, having been born in Ireland; by 1848, the two had settled down in a house that they called "Cloneus," in Little Dublin, Rochester. The corporation's first major invention, the first bevel gear planer machine, came in 1874. Gleason Corporation was a family affair: Williams' daughter, Kate, was the company's bookkeeper by the age of fourteen and soon after became the first female mechanical engineering student at Cornell University. The successful lives of William and Kate Gleason, as well as Gleason Corporation, display the power potential of Irish immigrants and Irish descendants in Rochester, following the supposed acceptance gained during the Civil War. Such success defies stereotypes (past and present) and speaks to the individuality of persons and the inaccuracy of wide generalization.

Research and abstract by Eilis Regan ('21)

Some of Eilis Regan's research is available in the podcast "The Evolving Irishmen," available on Professor Molly Ball's faculty website.

Selected Bibliography:
Interviews by Eilis Regan with Bridget and Ted McGraw, and Brendan and Bregge Ward.

Gleason Corporation. "This is Our Story." Gleason. Accessed December 11, 2018. https://www.gleason.com/es/facts-and-news/locations/gleason-metrology-systems-corporation-dayton-oh-usa/this-is-our-story

]]> -77.577771 43.154361 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.577771,43.154361,20 B'rith Kodesh (original location) Temple B'rith Kodesh was first founded in 1848 as a Jewish Orthodox synagogue on St. Paul Street. It has since moved, however, first to the corner of Gibbs Street and Clinton Avenue and then to where it currently resides on Elmwood Avenue. It has been the largest reform temple in the greater Rochester area and has had great significance to the Jewish community in Rochester. Throughout its history the temple has been a place for the Jewish community of Rochester to congregate in which they have held committeees, events, and temple. It has also become more reformed as the years have gone on, becoming less and less Orthodox and molding with the change of society. This temple holds an important place in the history of the Jewish community in Rochester and has become an important aspect of research of the community it has served for so long.

Research and abstract by Jason Cherin ('19)

Selected Bibliography:
Network, Jvillage. "TBK History", Temple B'rith Kodesh. 17 August 2018, tbk.org/about-tbk/tbk-history.

Temple B'rith Kodesh, D.389. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.60143733 43.15899108 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.60143733,43.15899108,20 84 Reynolds Street Representative of a typical Irish, working-class home in Rochester's 8th Ward during the Civil War, 84 Reynolds Street also provides insight into the under-studied experience of Irish women at the time. Surrounded by other working-class and immigrant households, particularly other Irish, here Mary McGraw struggled through the economic and emotional struggle of supporting her family in light of her husband's absence due to his enlistment in the majority-Irish 140th Regiment. Documented in letters from her husband, 84 Reynolds is where she worked long hours as a seamstress of coats, dealt with the bith of a child and the subsequent deaths of two of her children, and handled problems with the house's exterior. In a working-class neighborhood, Mary's experience was likely duplicated in countless Irish households, with men attracted to service by war bounties and patriotism only to leave behind wives and children forced to struggle on their own.

Research and abstract prepared by Mary Frances Gage ('21)

Selected Bibliography:
Culpepper, Marilyn Mayer. Trials and Triumphs: The Women of the American Civil War. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 1994.

Diner, Hasia R. Erin's Daughters in America: Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth Century. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1983.

John McGraw Civil War Letters, D.528. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

"John McGraw in the 1860 United States Federal Census." Ancestry Library. Accessed 10 December 2018.

]]> -77.62590642 43.14901845 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #red -77.62590642,43.14901845,20 Lewis Street Center New York state in the early twentieth century featured anti-immigrant sentiments that grew powerful enough to manifest themselves into state legislation that targeted immigrants and excluded noncitizens from certain professions. An investigation into community attitudes and responses towards Italian immigrants in Rochester reveals that at the time when the state legislature was passing these laws, a group of middle-class, non-Italian women founded the Lewis Street Center. The Center aimed to improve the quality of life for the Italian residents living in the area. An analysis of archival records reveals that the Center, initially founded in 1907 as the Housekeeping Center of Rochester, featured high attendance from Italians in the area with Italian families regularly sending their children to the Center's programs. While Rochester was not immune to the anti-Italian sentiments that were intensifying across the state and the country, the Lewis Street Center was an effort by non-immigrants to foster positive relationships between newer and older residents of the city. The Lewis Street Center's efforts coupled with efforts by Italian-led societies to counter negative stereotypes about Italian immigrants helped stabilize the lives of these immigrants in Rochester.

Research and abstract by Deisy Abarca-Esp’ritu ('19)

Selected bibliography:
Lewis Street Center Papers, D.55. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

McKelvey, Blake. "The Italians of Rochester: A Historical Review." Rochester History 22.4 (October 1960).

]]> -77.596 43.164 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #green -77.596,43.164,20 Home of Valentine Sauter (464 Clifford Ave) Valentine Sauter's home and garment factory was located at 464 Clifford Avenue. In his shop, about forty women worked long days for low pay. According to the New York Times, on 24 January 1913, over eight thousand garment workers went on strike in opposition to sub-contracts and in favor of an eight-hour work day and for increased pay. On the day of the protest, a group of garment workers marched to the Sauter factory and encouraged his workers to join the strike. One of the strikers was Ida Breiman, a young Jewish-Ukranian immigrant who had arrived to the United States only a few months prior. When the strikers arrived at Sauter's factory, he fired into the crowd, shooting and killing Ida Breiman. The death sparked a movement among immigrant women in Rochester who wanted better working conditions and fair treatment. Although a grand jury found Valentine Sauter not guilty of murder, Ida's death brought significant attention and shed light on the demands of the United Garment Workers of America. Her death and the reactions that followed highlighted the role immigrant women played in the fight of the labor movement.

Abstract and research by Taryn Milnes ('19)

Selected bibliography:
Carpenter, Niles, comp. Immigrants and Their Children 1920: A Study Based on Census Statistics Relative to the Foreign Born and the Native White of Foreign or Mixed Parentage. Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce, 1927.

Furio, Colomba M. Immigrant Women and Industry: A Case Study, the Italian Immigrant Women and the Garment Industry, 1880-1950. PhD diss., New York University, 1981.

L. Adler Brothers and Company records, D.220. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.611138 43.175241 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #green -77.611138,43.175241,20 Rochester Socialist Central Branch The address 580 St. Paul Street was part of the industrialized center of an ethnically diverse neighborhood in Rochester, New York during the 1910s. This location housed the Rochester Socialist and their activities, the Labor Lyceum and the Young People's Socialists Sunday school. Wtihin the walls of the three-storied, brick building, socialist political movements were planned and disseminated throughout the city. Investigating the emergence of the Rochester Socialists in connection to a greater narrative of labor unions and European immigration during the 1800s, will reveal a history of political actions from the working class. Exploring the Rochester Socialists Labor Lyceum scrapbook, coupled with supporting secondary sources, brings to light the active change that immigrants and their descendants were trying to bring to the city of Rochester.

Research and abstract by Zaira Lujan (Take 5, '18)

Selected Bibliography:
McKelvey, Blake. "Organized Labor in Rochester before 1914." Rochester History 25.1 (1963).

Volume 4: Rochester Labor Lyceum, 1914 -1919. Rochester Socialists Scrapbook, D.110. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY

Volume 6: Rochester Socialist Sunday School, 1910 - 1915. Rochester Socialists Scrapbook, D.110. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation, River Campus Libraries. University of Rochester.

]]> -77.6161683 43.1669969 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #green -77.6161683,43.1669969,20 Ukranian Civic Center (original location) As early as the 1880s, Ukrainians have been coming to the western hemisphere in search for a better life for themselves and a more promising future for their children. The development of important businesses made Rochester a flourishing industrial center which pulled in those early immigrants. Many of those who came from the tyranny of the Austro-Hungarian Empire valued the freedom found in America as they knew what it was like to be deprived of it. The Ukrainian Civic Center stands as a living memorial to the efforts and sacrifices of countless men and women who spent the greater part of their lives on the quest for those ideals which have long been identified with the Ukranian people: liberty, freedom, pride, honor, and goodness. The Ukrainian Civic Center of Rochester was built in 1936 and was located on 831 Joseph Avenue. It was a home for all Ukrainian organizations in the Rochester area. This organization provided its due-paying members with sickness, old age and death benefits. The organization not only supported the Rochester community, but also brought aid to school and national homes and other Ukrainian institutions across the seas. The goal of this building was to preserve the rich culture and heritage and maintain a cultural link between the present and the past through education and cultural exchanges and also to promote the diversity of the Ukrainian culture through educational, informative and social events.

Research and abstract by Betelhem Nibret ('21)

Selected Bibliography:
Bratush, James D. Historical Documentary of the Ukrainian Community of Rochester, New York. Translated by Anastasia Smerychynska. Cristopher Press, Inc.: Rochester, New York, 1973.

Ukranian Rochester Collection. D.381. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.6083684 43.1800043 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #blue -77.6083684,43.1800043,20 Gannett House (original location) The Gannett House, located in downtown Rochester, was the location of the first birth control clinic that the Monroe County Birth Control League opened (now known as Planned Parenthood of Rochester/Syracuse). Although the clinic was located downtown, the highest concentration of patients at the clinic lived in the 19th Ward. Although the original building has now been demolished, and the First Unitarian Church of Rochester has moved to the suburbs, its legacy still stands as the first of its kind in upstate New York. Exploring the clinic and the Monroe County Birth Control League allowed me to see the effects of eugenic policies and ideas on the Rochester immigrant community.

Abstract and Research by Juan Puerto ('19)

Selected Bibliography:
Ira Solomon Wile Papers, A. W66. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Planned Parenthood of Rochester/Syracuse Region, D.325. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Journal of Contraception. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

]]> -77.6049652 43.154792 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #blue -77.6049652,43.154792,20 Jewish Ledger (1939 location) Founded in 1924, The Jewish Ledger was Rochester's first weekly Jewish newspaper and is still in publication today. The paper delivers the Jewish perspective on past and contemporary issues that reflect the lives and Jewish invovlement of its more than 12,000 modern readers. In the 1930s The Jewish Ledger was integral to Rochester to inform the community about the growing anti-Semitism and atrocities committed in Germany and Eastern Europe. These efforts were joined by two other prominent sources: Rabbi Philip Berstein, who toured Romania and Germany in the 30s, and the local paper, the Democrat and Chronicle. In its community outreach program, The Jewish Ledger helped settle one thousand Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany in Rochester.

Abstact and research by Miranda Vasso ('20)

Selected Bibliography:
"100 Here Sign Nazi Portest Sent to Hull." Democrat and Chronicle, 11 Aug. 1925.

Mozes, Mendel, "Mass Murder Reported in Polish Towns," The Jewish Ledger, November 10, 1939; "Jews Flee Vienna to Avoid Removal to 'Reservation'," The Jewish Ledger, 17 Nov. 17 1939; "50,000 Kiev Jews Machine-Gunned by Nazis," The Jewish Ledger, 3 Dec. 1943.

Philip S. Berstein Papers, D.269. Rare Book, Special Collections and Preservation, River Campus Libraries, University of Rochester.

]]> -77.6140408 43.16499577 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #blue -77.6140408,43.16499577,20 Bausch and Lomb monument The first Puerto Ricans arrived in Rochester between approximately 1946 and 1951, relatively later in terms of migration. However, they have experienced the difficult living conditions in older sections of the city. These sections were once inhabited by earlier migrant groups: Germans, Italians, Poles, and Ukranians. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the younger Puerto Ricans were involved in violence with young Italian-Americans with "baseball bats, rocks and even knives." In the end, the Puerto Rican youths earned a space for themselves at Bausch and Lomb monument, which is now known today as the Lomb Memorial, located on Upper Falls Boulevard and Martin Street. This was important because it shows the progress and right of passage in the history of Rochester's Puerto Rican community earning their place as well as it allowed Puerto Ricans to break out of hte confined barrios they were forced to live in.

Research and abstract by Dominique James ('19)

Selected bibliography:
McCally, Karen. "Builden the Barrio: A Story of Rochester's Puerto Rican Pioneers." Rochester History, 2007.

Powers, Bethel Ann. Family, Ethnicity and Health Care Delivery: the Puerto Rican Community in Rochester New York. PhD dissertation, University of Rochester, 1980.

]]> -77.61656275 43.16783515 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #yellow -77.61656275,43.16783515,20 Casa Italiana of Nazareth College The Casa Italiana of Nazareth College, founded in 1978, is a center for studying the Italian heritage, literature, and language; and promotes the contemporary and traditional culture. It has Italian cooking classes taught, in English or Italian, by Tina Cannava Mogab, a chef from Augusta, Italy that has being cooking since she was ten years old. She teaches how to prepare Italian dishes like caponata, and spinach & ricotta frittata. This location is interesting and related to research on the impact Italian immigrants had on Rochester's food culture because we get to see how the Italian community in Rochester has influenced the classes taught in this college, and also how many Italian societies are related to this place. The Italian Civic League has sixteen clubs, The Casa Italiana being one of them, and many members of other Italian clubs have access to The Casa Italiana and its benefits. Also, La Casa Italiana is located in the College Campus in East Rochester, an area that has many Italian connections like restaurants, stores, and other clubs that form part of the Italian Civic league like the St. Nicholas Society.

Research and abstract by Maria Fernanda Ruiz Farjado ('21)

Selected bibliography:
"Northside's fare is worth the wait." Democrat & Chronicle, 24 Apr. 1988.

"Obituaries: Josephine Petrillo, 77, ran bakery, pizzeria." Democrat & Chronicle, 29 Nov. 1981.

]]> -77.516924 43.101447 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #yellow -77.516924,43.101447,20 Ibero-American Action League (South Marketview Heights location) Marketview Heights was one of the places were Puerto Ricans established their first barrios (neighborhoods) in Rochester, NY, and it is usually divided into North and South Marketview Heights. In the southern part, one of Rochester's most important Hispanic/Latino-oriented organizations, the Ibero-American Action League, was established. It was established by local Puerto Ricans and Bishop Fulton J. Sheen (Bishop of Rochester) in 1968 as a secular advocacy organization. Its aim was to support and make available to Rochester's Spanish-speaking community certain services and opportunities that may otherwise be denied to them. Since its inception, Ibero has offered a variety of programs to the Spanish community in Rochester and later providing services to all people, regardless of ethnicity.

Research and abstract by Nicholas Caraballo ('21)

Selected Bibliography:
"About Ibero-American Action League." Ibero-American Action League. Accessed December 09, 2018. http://iaal.org/about/.

McCally, Karen. "Building the Barrio: A Story of Rochester's Puerto Rican Pioneers." Rochester History, 2007.

]]> -77.5902852 43.1603787 6 0 40 700 relativeToSeaFloor #yellow -77.5902852,43.1603787,20 Nassau / Joseph Street The location, the intersection of Nassau and Joseph Streets, lies in the Upper Falls region of the city. This was one of only a few redlined districts that Puerto Rican migrants were able to live in. There was a surge in Puerto Rican migration to the city in the 1960s, but this migration was almost entirely confined to the redlined districts in the city center. Additionally, this location is nearby to the site of the Baden-Ormond urban renewal project, which was highly controversial, largely unsuccessful, and resulted in the displacement of many low income families. It was a flashpoint for later controversies over housing. In effect, the location shows the extent to which immigrants and migrants in Rochester have been impacted by discriminatory housing policy, from the federal, state and local levels.

Abstract and research by Thomas Borchert ('19)

Selected Bibliography:
Dr. Walter Cooper Papers, D. 385. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

Nineteenth Ward Community Association of Rochester Papers, D. 271. Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation. University of Rochester. Rochester, NY.

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